What did the Counter-Reformation primarily seek to do?

The Counter-Reformation primarily sought to assert and reaffirm traditional Catholic practices in response to the Protestant Reformation. This movement was initiated by the Catholic Church in the 16th century as a direct reaction to the challenges posed by Protestant reformers, who criticized various aspects of Catholic doctrine and practice.

Through the establishment of the Council of Trent, the Catholic Church aimed to clarify its teachings, reaffirm the importance of sacraments, tradition, and the authority of the Pope, and enhance moral and spiritual discipline among clergy and laity alike. The Jesuits and other religious orders played a critical role in this effort by promoting education and missionary work, thereby fostering a renewal of faith and devotion within the Catholic community.

This focus on maintaining and strengthening traditional practices was essential for the Church to retain its influence and counter the spread of Protestantism, making this choice the most accurate representation of the Counter-Reformation’s main objectives. Other options address aspects of conflict or governance that were not the primary goals of this movement.